7.4: Return Loss, Substitution Loss, and Insertion Loss
https://eng.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Electrical_Engineering/Electronics/Book%3A_Fundamentals_of_Microwave_and_RF_Design_(Steer)/07%3A_Microwave_Network_Analysis/7.04%3A_Return_Loss_Substitution_Loss_and_Insertion_Loss
May 22, 2022 · Insertion loss is the substitution loss when the initial two-poort is a direct connection so \(^{i}S_{11} =0= ^{i}S_{22}\) (for no reflection), \(^{i}S_{12} ^{i}S_{21} = 1\) (for no loss in the adaptor and there is no phase shift), and \(^{i} S_{12} = ^{i} S_{21}\) (for reciprocity), insertion loss in decibels is, using Equation \(\eqref{eq:6}\):
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