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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prefectures_of_Japan
1870s[edit] 1870s[] See for all the changes in that period. See also the English Wikipedia for lists of prefectures since the late 1860s.1880s[edit] 1880s[] Prefecture Japanese Year ofAbolition Fate Kanazawa 金沢県 1869 Renamed as Ishikawa Sendai 仙台県 1871 Renamed as Miyagi Morioka 盛岡県 1872 Renamed as Iwate 名古屋県 1872 Renamed as Aichi 額田県 1872 Merged into Aichi Nanao 七尾県 1872 Merged into Ishikawa and Shinkawa Iruma 入間県 1873 Merged into Kumagaya and Kanagawa Inba 印旛県 1873 Merged into Chiba Kisarazu 木更津県 1873 Merged into Chiba Utsunomiya 宇都宮県 1873 Merged into Tochigi Asuwa 足羽県 1873 Merged into Tsuruga Kashiwazaki 柏崎県 1873 Merged into Niigata Ichinoseki→Mizusawa→Iwai 一関県→水沢県→磐井県 1875 Merged into Iwate and Miyagi Okitama 置賜県 1875 Merged into Yamagata Niihari 新治県 1875 Merged into Ibaraki and Chiba Sakata→Tsuruoka 酒田県→鶴岡県 1876 Merged into Yamagata Taira→Iwasaki 平県→磐前県 1876 Merged into Fukushima and Miyagi Wakamatsu 若松県 1876 Merged into Fukushima Chikuma 筑摩県 1876 Merged into Nagano and Gifu Tsuruga 敦賀県 1876 Merged into Ishikawa and Shiga Niikawa 新川県 1876 Merged into Ishikawa Sakai 堺県 1881 Merged into Osaka Ashigara 足柄県 1876 Merged into Kanagawa and Shizuoka Kumagaya 熊谷県 1876 Merged into Gunma and Saitama Aikawa 相川県 1876 Merged into Niigata Hamamatsu 浜松県 1876 Merged into Shizuoka Hakodate 函館県 1886 Merged into Hokkaidō Sapporo 札幌県 1886 Merged into Hokkaidō Nemuro 根室県 1886 Merged into Hokkaidō 東京府 1943 Reorganized as Tokyo Metropolis (東京都)
Number: 47 Prefectures
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https://japanthis.com/2013/07/11/why-does-japan-have-prefectures/
The Meiji Government had 2 Big Questions The Meiji Government had 2 Big Questions In the Edo Period, the Tokugawa shōgunate had a very restrictive foreign policy[iv]. At this time, relations with other countries were so irregular, that foreign countries had no standard for referring to the power structure or rulers of Japan. After the shōgunate fell and the Meiji court began its reforms in earnest, several problems became apparent. In short, the new government had to answer two very big questions. How do we Structure our New Government? Assloads of doctoral theses have written on this topic in various languages all around the world, so I’m not going to even take a half-assed stab at describing this process in detail. But basically, the Japanese had been sending officials overseas to Europe and America to look at how education, government, international relations, business, and industry were being handled in those countries. These ambassadorial missions had begun in the final years of the Tokugawa regime and became regular when foreign relations became normalized under the Meiji regime. Since the Meiji regime was centered on a divine emperor, they had a unique problem. While the American model was progressive, industrial, realistic, and had also overthrown a previous regime, America espoused states’ rights, separation of church and state[v], and it enfranchised voters; as such, it wasn’t a good match for this particular brand of revolutionary oligarchs[vi]. Prussia and Germany were parts of a massive Empire that spanned huge swaths of Europe. They were an imperialistic power (in that they were interested in military expansion) and they were an imperial power (in that they had an emperor at the top of their hierarchy). In the final days of the Tokugawa shōgunate, France had been trading and supplying weapons, training, and military help to the Japanese. France had been using the word préfecture since Napoleon’s time for its own major civil administrative units. Napoleon was seen by the Japanese ambassadorial legations as a revolutionary emperor who modernized and expanded France[vii]. How do we Present Ourselves to the World? Now that for the first time since the European Age of Enlightenment, Japan had normalized relations with other countries and they were rapidly modernizing in an effort to catch up[viii] with the western powers that had pried open their clam. There was suddenly a problem. The major western powers they were dealing with were all speaking somewhat related languages, or had at least been dealing with one another for such a long period of time that they shared many political terms. Each country had standard vocabulary they could use in discussing another country. Japan was new to this game and with a language related to nothing outside of it besides China and Korea[ix], they had to think quickly of how they wanted to be perceived by the west. In order to create a diplomatic language that showed Japan in a particular light, they decided upon a few things. First of all, as noted before, the Meiji government was all over the German and Prussian game because they sought to emulate the emperor-centric systems of those countries. They decided that the word 国会 kokkai national assembly should be translated into English in the same way as the German words Landtag (state parliament) and Reichstag (national parliament). They saw the German Empire as strong and historical and emperor-centric and it was good enough for them. The second thing they chose was the word “prefecture.” They chose this for a number of reasons. First, as I mentioned before, they loooooved Napoleon. Secondly, there was a long standing precedent. When the Portuguese came to Japan in the 1500’s, they used the word prefeitura which translates easily into the language of any country with a history connected to the Roman Empire[x]. The term was Napoleonic and Roman. Thirdly, this term “prefecture” indicated – in no uncertain terms – that the governor of the area was appointed by the emperor. He wasn’t an elected official[xi]. And lastly, it didn’t carry any connotation of a quasi-independent “state.” In particular, they didn’t want to be compared to those pesky states of the United States of America, some of which had recently exercised their perceived autonomy and attempted to secede and/or overthrow the government. It’s funny how governments that stage illegal coups do that[xii].16 thoughts on “Why does Japan have Prefectures?” 16 thoughts on “Why does Japan have Prefectures?” I always wondered about this. Thanks! Loading... Thanks, so they choose it basically to differentiate themselves 🙂 Loading... Thank you for a very insightful article! What references were used to write this (if any)? Loading... says: This is generally common knowledge, but I also wrote it a few years ago, so I couldn’t give you specific references of the top of my head. Why do ask? Loading... Thanks for replying! This article came up when I was researching the proper translation of todofuken into modern EU Portuguese for my Master’s dissertation. In Portugal we don’t use “prefeitura” to refer to our own modern geographical divisions, but Brazil does, so my teacher kind of bashed at me for using a “Brazilian” word, even though it was the one I’ve always seen regarding Japanese divisions, either in English or Portuguese. In short, I was just wondering if there were any specific sources you had used when writing the article (I didn’t even notice the post date, gomen nasai!) Loading... says: That’s an interesting situation. I don’t have any specific dates/materials in front of me right now, but what I would say is that Brazil and Portugal wouldn’t have been very impressive to the Japanese military and aristocracy of the late 1860’s-1870’s. It seems like they weren’t even interested in Spain. They really gravitated towards Holland, Prussia, Germany, France, and in an almost obliging sense, the US. Loading... That is true, but as you mentioned at the end of the article, when the Portuguese were in Japan in the 16th century they employed the word “prefeitura”, so in a way, among other factors, it would be something that Meiji era Japan took back from a previous international experience and applied, since it was a word that was pretty recognizable in any Western state. I didn’t mean to imply that the choide for the term “prefecture” was solely based on contacts with Portugal or Europe, I’m just trying to trace back the word “prefeitura” itself to see if it can apply to an accurate translation of “todoufuken” in modern EU Portuguese. 🙂 Loading... Thank you, now if only you can teach me Japanese as easy as you helped me understand that then I would be endebted to you. Loading... says: I’m probably not qualified to teach anyone Japanese, but I know someone who is! Ako Sensei has a great educational Twitter account, but if you’re in Tōkyō, she can give great real life lessons🎶 Loading... in which prefecture is yufuin onsen? Anybody know the answer to this?? Loading... Oita Prefecture / 大分県 Loading... Great post!!! You’ve quenched my curiosity re: “What is a, prefecture, why/how is that term utilized and it’s meaning & history” Thank you for posting this. Blessings and Peace to you and yours. Loading... I watch Japanese TV NHK world Japan I hear different areas referred as prefectures and I think it sounds cool it sounds like States or provinces I’m definitely not the sharpest tool in the shed but I’m not the dullest either I just like the sound of prefecture I just wanted to throw that comment out Loading... to do fu ken to is capital do is part of japan that didn’t belong to japan before (hokkaido is not japan untill some point in time) if hawaii become japanese it’s should call toukaidou fu is former capital of japan. if tokyo no longer a capital then its become tokyo fu ken is prefecture Loading... says: Actually, Tōkyō used to be Tōkyō-fu until the the 1950’s. Loading... To means Capital. Dō means Province, the ruler traditionally is equivalent to a Duke. Fu means Palatinate, the ruler traditionally is equivalent to a Palsgrave. Ken means Prefecture, the ruler traditionally is equivalent to a Margrave. Under Feudalism, To nominally rules over everything, Dō and Fu nominally rules over multiple Ken. Loading... Leave a Reply
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https://www.visasjapan.com/regions-prefectures-japan/
Today, the Japanese use the word ken, meaning prefecture, to describe districts in Portugal. What Are the 47 Prefectures of Japan? Modern Japan has divided into a total of 47 prefectures; 43 proper prefectures, the 2 urban prefectures of Osaka and Kyoto, one ‘circuit’ or ‘territory’ (Hokkaido), and one ‘metropolis’ prefecture, Toyko.
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https://www.japan-talk.com/jt/new/prefectures-of-japan
Feb 12, 2015 . Nagano is a rugged, mountainous prefecture in the middle of Japan that offers spectacular nature and striking little towns. Its attractions include skiing, onsen and Matsumoto Castle, widely considered one of Japan's best castles. The prefecture is home to many Japanese Macaque, better known as snow monkeys, that are the northernmost species of …
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Japanese_prefectural_name_etymologies
Prefecture Kanji origin and meaning of name Aichi 愛知県: Aichi-ken (愛知県) means "love knowledge". In the third volume of the Man'yōshū there is a poem by Takechi Kurohito that reads: "The cry of the crane, calling to Sakurada; it sounds like the tide, draining from Ayuchi flats, hearing the crane cry". Ayuchi is the original form of the name Aichi, and the Fujimae tidal flat, … Number: 47
Number: 47
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https://insidethatjapanesebook.com/2018/04/23/learning-japan-prefectures/
Apr 23, 2018 . Since I started reading the news in Japanese, I am telling myself that I must learn Japan prefectures. I have finally taken the first step by doing my own map with furigana and English. Why learn Japan prefectures and region? I suppose that Japanese learners who studied Japanese at school or university have gone through…
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https://www.logodesignlove.com/japan-prefectural-flags
Nov 09, 2016 . Below the national level are 47 parts, or prefectures, and the minimalist symbolism in the prefectural flags is appealing, with most designs incorporating highly stylised letters from the Japanese writing system. Flag of Fukuoka. Stylised hiragana of ふく (fuku). Also represents ume (plum), the prefectural flower. Flag of Gifu.
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http://learnjapaneseonline.info/2015/02/16/the-rhythm-of-japanese-improve-your-speaking-and-hearing/
Feb 16, 2015 . Japanese people always think of it that way. If a Japanese person says bangohan to you and you don’t catch the word, she will repeat it slowly and carefully: ba n go ha n (12345) pronouncing each mora separately. Fortunately, for much of the poem morae and syllables are the same, so we are able to catch and hold the rhythm easily.
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https://www.nippon.com/en/japan-data/h00425/a-prefecture-by-any-other-name.html
Apr 04, 2019 . In English, it is usual to say that Japan has 47 prefectures. In Japanese, however, they are divided into one to (Tokyo), one dō (Hokkaidō), two fu (Osaka and Kyoto), and the other forty-three ...
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http://www.licenseplatemania.com/landenpaginas/japan.htm
The Japanese letter above the registration indicate the prefecture, in this case Kyoto. The number above the registration denotes the vehicle class where a two digit number is issued between 1967 and 1999. 45 (40-49) on a green on white plate stands for private use 4 wheel trucks between 661 and 2000 cc.
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http://yabai.com/p/2098
May 01, 2017 . To (都), which translates to a metropolis, is the prefecture of Tokyo (東京都). The Japanese government refers to Tokyo city as Tokyo-o or Tokyo Metropolis. Tokyo was once classified as a Fu prefecture but after the abolishment of the previous system, the city and the surrounding areas were combined into the To classification.
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https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prefectures_of_Japan
Okinawa Prefecture is traditionally thought of as part of the Kyūshū region of Japan. Okinawa Prefecture is made up of islands which are southwest of the island of Kyushu. The Japanese government recognizes the prefecture as its own region in new 9-region, 11-region and 13-region systems.. List in Western alphabetical order The default alphabetic order in this sortable table …
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https://www.wordhippo.com/what-is/the/japanese-word-for-da06f0d7b6a05032fcd6300df671b90dfd4cf59c.html
Japanese words for rhythm include リズム, 律動, 韻律, 拍子, 調子, 音律 and 音調. Find more Japanese words at wordhippo.com!
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https://thejapanesepage.com/prefectures/
About the Prefectures: The prefectures are not all called ken (prefecture) in Japanese. Of the 47, 43 are called “県 ken” — (prefecture). Two are called "府 fu" (Osaka and Kyoto). One is called "道 do” (Hokkai DO). One is called "都 to" (Tokyo to). To remember it Japanese children learn the following poem:
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https://www.thoughtco.com/prefectures-of-japan-1435068
Aug 05, 2018 . The following is a list of Japan's prefectures by area. For reference, capital cities have also been included. 1) Hokkaido. Area: 32,221 square miles (83,452 sq km) Capital: Sapporo. 2) Iwate. Area: 5,899 square miles (15,278 sq km) Capital: Morioka. 3) Fukushima.
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https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/294976/why-prefecture-for-japanese-administration-areas
Dec 20, 2015 . Most Japanese people (unless well versed in English) don't know the word "prefecture" not to mention its original meaning in French. When they encounter this word, they just try memorizing it believing it is a common word in …
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https://hinative.com/en-US/questions/1171046
How do you say this in Japanese? コルァ てどういう意味 コラと同じですか? How do you say this in Japanese? Thank you for being you. How do you say this in Japanese? what the fuck; How do you say this in German? この前の演奏会での私の演奏はどうでしたか? How do you say this in Japanese? 我要去橫濱 ...
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https://medium.com/identity-design/flags-and-symbols-of-japanese-prefectures-9d4f151acce1
Jan 17, 2020 . Identities of Japanese Prefectures. Akihiro Takeuchi. Jan 17, 2020 · 2 min read. Japan is divided into 47 prefectures, and most prefectures have minimalist symbols with interesting meanings. All ...
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https://livejapan.com/en/in-tokyo/in-pref-tokyo/in-tokyo_train_station/article-a0002727/
May 25, 2019 . What are the most beautiful prefectures in Japan? Every year, more and more people from all around the world choose Japan as their next travel destination. That ever-growing trend has caused Japan’s prefectures to promote multilingual signage, multilingualism in accommodation facilities, communication infrastructure, and other aspects to accommodate …
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